One of the biggest fears of women is that gynecological cancer can be treated when diagnosed early. What are the types and symptoms of gynecological cancer in women? Why is HPV vaccine so important in preventing cervical cancer?
Obstetricians and Gynecologists shared important information about the types and symptoms of gynecological cancer seen in women:
Types and symptoms of gynecological cancer in women:
Vaginal bleeding in menopause:
When vaginal bleeding occurs in all women in menopause, examination should be done to exclude cancer. Because it could be a sign of uterine cancer. Especially bleeding during menopause should be approached with caution. Nine out of 10 women with uterine cancer have abnormal bleeding of different types.
Menstrual irregularities and excessive vaginal bleeding:
Since nonmenstrual bleeding can be caused by hormone disorders or intrauterine membrane cancer, urgent gynecological examination is required.
Deformities in the udder, bloody discharge at the nipple:
Women need to do a breast exam on their own every month for breast cancer. In case of symptoms such as redness, tenderness, pitting, feeling of fullness, mass in the hand, discharge from the nipple, contact your doctor as soon as possible.
Itching in the external genital area, which does not respond to treatment:
It may be a pre-cancerous lesion of the external genital area (vulva) or a sign of cancer. It should be evaluated by biopsy.
Weight loss, pelvic pain and mass:
Hormone irregularity in a woman can cause uterine cancer. Known risk factors for uterine cancer are menstruation, delayed menopause, infertility and obesity (obesity) that increase the amount of estrogen in women.
Pain during intercourse and bleeding after intercourse:
The onset is the first sign of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer first occurs 15-20 years after encountering the risky HPV virus. Therefore, it is the only type of cancer in which precursor changes can be detected before cancer.
Why is hpv vaccine so important in preventing cervical cancer?
HPV vaccines are effective in primary prevention and pap smear testing is effective in the second. Primary prevention is the most desired prevention in all diseases. HPV vaccines protect 100 percent against HPV 16 and 18 types responsible for 70-80 percent of cervical cancers.
Preferably for girls between the years of 11 and 12 years of age before the sexual relationship begins. It has the same protective effect in sexually active women up to the age of 45. However, with other types of HPV that can cause cancer, cancer can develop despite the vaccine. Pap smear used in secondary grove; it is the evaluation of the cells by the pathologist by removing swabs from the cervix and spreading them to the glass.
Swelling and constipation in the abdomen:
The most important feature of ovarian cancers is that they do not show symptoms until the advanced stages of the disease. From time to time there may be early signs of ovarian cancer. In general, ovarian cancers cause complaints such as abdominal swelling and pain, digestive disorders, urinary problems and weight loss.
When 75 percent (3 out of 4 patients) of ovarian cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage without any symptoms; Gynecological examination is very important once a year. After the disease begins to spread into the abdomen, water begins to collect in the abdominal cavity, and as a result, the abdomen begins to swell.
Some women even think they’re getting fat. During these events, digestive difficulties begin, loss of appetite occurs, and the patient begins to lose weight. In some patients, bowel obstructions occur and can be seen in cases such as vomiting and inability to make large toilets. To summarize, ovarian cancers do not cause complaints in the early stages, but complaints begin to occur as the disease progresses.
Discharge in the style of broth:
It’s a sign of advanced cervical cancer. The incidence of cervical cancer in women who regularly go for a check-up is extremely rare. Advanced cervical cancer; increased bleeding, leg pain, blood coming from urine or feces can be seen.